The Influence On The Media - 1020 Words

MLW Research Paper – The Influence on the Media First, this paper will show how the newspaper men came to Little Rock, Arkansas and that they wanted to write and to do their jobs and show how the segregation, hate, and conflicting viewpoints were real and how doing their job threatened their lives but, this story needed to be heard. Moreover, Alex Wilson was a journalist for the Memphis-based Tri-State Defender and was there to report on the â€Å"Little Rock Nine,† Moses Newson, was there from the Baltimore Afro-American, James L. Hicks, editor of the Amsterdam News in New York, Earl Davy, a freelance photographer. These men were all there to do a job. (LaNier 2010) However, on September 23, 1957, these four black journalists who had been at the Bates home with all the â€Å"Little Rock Nine† had gone to the school before the students had arrived. The crowd hollered at them and were taunting them. â€Å"Wilson and Hicks were telling them they were newspapermen and just wanting to do their job.† (LaNier 2010) The crowd lunged at them, kicking, punching and spitting at them. The broke Davy’s camera and chased him and others attacked Newson and Hicks, but they managed to escape. Consequently, â€Å"Wilson was a veteran journalist and a former war correspondent, he was not going to be shaken and stood his ground.† (LaNier 2010) The crowd wanted him to leave and he was not going to allow them to shake him. â€Å"The mob did deliver a crushing blow to the back of his head and he fell to the groundShow MoreRelatedMedia Influence On The Media1721 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The topic of how the media influence governmental issues is confounded, yet in its most fundamental definition, the right response to it is this: It depends. Albeit early standard way of thinking held that the media had solid, direct, supposed hypodermic impacts, later research gives persuading proof that individual-level and logical elements essentially impact the degree to which media influence individuals political conduct and convictions and, in the long run, open arrangementRead MoreMedia Influence On The Media993 Words   |  4 Pageswhich are known as technology. And media is the one of the powerful tool of this world, they can do anything. Media is the way to translate different news, videos, music over the people. I think media influence the most about the sexuality. Media influence me by showing different sexual stories in the newspaper, by posting videos and picture on the website, and by watching different sexual videos on movies influence the most about sexuality. It is a positive influence because we can get the knowledgeRead MoreMedia Influences On The Media1362 Words   |  6 PagesMedia is a very powerful factor in today’s world, it influences the way that the public thinks about situations and problems in today’s society. News and social media put out there own thoughts of a problem in the country. When they do this, it gives a perspective to the general people to base off of and make a conclusion on the situation. The media such as news on television and internet can be manipulating minds of the general public to believe what they say. Media actually has there own opinionsRead MoreMedia Influence Mass Media795 Words   |  4 PagesMass Media and the Influence on America and Television By. Mozelle Jones HUMANITIES In real life, we are in Mass Media and we did not even know it. Everything from you learning to just leisure involvement. The cultural products that influence mass media and has taking part is Net Flix. It has made an impact on the movie business where television can be used to see movies and mass media. Television still has an impact on cultural meanings. It shows us the news, ads, and movies that changeRead MoreMedia s Influence On The Media1637 Words   |  7 Pagesdisplayed in the mass media is conditioned by wealth and power, so as a result of the concentration of power and the official censorship done by the government and corporate sources; the media follows the ideas of the elite. In order to deliver messages that support the elite’s beliefs, the media goes through five different filters that determine the information presented, this are ownership of media, funding, sourcing, flak, and fear. First, when referring to the ownership of media, it is importantRead MoreMedia s Influence On Media1543 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media publicizes a substantial amount of messages about identity and acceptable ways to express gender, sexuality and ones lifestyle, but at the same time, the viewers have their own differing feelings about the issues. The media may suggest certain feelings and actions, but the audiences feelings can never overpower self-expression completely. The media portrays certain things because it is what is being accepted. Neither parties, these being the media and its audience, have full power overRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Media Essay1606 Words   |  7 PagesLusby English composition 12/1/2016 The Media s Influence    Can the media really persuade you into thinking a way about a person you have not even meet? The media can make influence you into thinking a certain way about some and also influence a choice that you could have to make about them that could change their life forever. To prove this I have researched into articles that could help me prove that the media can influence these things. First the media in the form of television can give you aRead MoreMedia s Influence On Media1703 Words   |  7 Pagescentury, mass media became widely recognized. In a period of mass availability, people today have entry to more media outlets than ever before. According to media scholar Jean Kilbourne,â€Å"the average American is exposed to over 3,000 advertisements a day and watches three years’ worth of television ads over the course of a lifetime† (back cover). It is all around us, from the shows we watch on television, the music we listen to on the radio, and to the books and magazines we read each day. Media is the numberRead MoreMedia Influence On The Media1973 Words   |  8 Pagesbe accurate, objective and we need it fast. As times change not only does the way in which we get our news change but in how it is presented to us. Biases in our media have always existed but the public’s distrust of the media because of these biases is quite high. Recent poll s show that nearly 80 percent of Americans believe that the media influenced by influenced by the powerful and that they tend to favor one side of issues over another (Keiner, 2013, p. 401). A Pew Research Center poll conductedRead MoreMedia s Influence On The Media1169 Words   |  5 Pages Research Topic Proposal Maria Gamez and Ross Warner Andrews University Statement of the Problem The â€Å"Media† or medium is defined and described by encompassing television, music, radio, Internet and the newspaper to effectively communicate to populations worldwide. With all these mediums to ensure communication and information to communities globally, it has become a great staple in how many conduct their lives and communicate to others. While many would suggest that we are to

Ford Model T - 1057 Words

The 1920 s were a time where North America became modernized. Whether it was the music, the culture or the growth in technology, this time era is known to most people as the point where America advanced itself to become a world renowned country. An advancement that will be focused on is the Ford Model T. During this time owning a car was a symbol of wealth. Henry Ford, the creator of the Model T, made a system that revolutionized the automobile industry as we know it today. Henry Ford made it possible for people with an average income to own a motor vehicle by creating the assembly line and the theory of mass production. The horse, which had been the chief means of land transportation for 3,500 years, had given way to the automobile, and†¦show more content†¦With the introductions of the Model T, the assembly line and the method of mass production created many new jobs. The Model T s low price allowed everyone that was making a good salary to buy a car. It helped out societ y by giving people jobs especially at around this time when there was a lot of immigration in the United States and people needed jobs. This vast production stimulated many other businesses: The steel, rubber, and glass industries flourished. Construction companies boomed as highways and garages were built. Oil companies, rapidly losing their kerosene business to the spread of electricity, more than made up for it with increased gasoline sales.(Gordon) As a whole it changed the economy at the time but in the long run it changed what society is today. It created mass production which is now our way of production and it changed all of working America with the numerous amounts of jobs it created. As more Americans owned cars, urbanization patterns changed. The United States saw the growth of suburbia, the creation of a national highway system, and a population entranced with the possibility of going anywhere anytime. (http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blford.htm) The Model T is proven to be one of the greatest innovations that had helped the future of what America is today. If it weren t for the creation of Ford s Model T which led to the introduction of the assembly line and the concept of mass production, America s economyShow MoreRelatedHenry Ford : Model T935 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Ford - Model T Henry Ford is famous and well known as a businessman, founder of the Ford Motor Company, and helped in the development of the assembly line. Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863 in Michigan. His mother was Mary Litogot Ford and his father was William Ford. They raised their son, Henry, on a farm in Wayne County, Michigan. Henry Ford was very unhappy with working at the farm he was raised on. He had a gift for taking apart and reconstructing timepieces(Biography.com Editors)Read MoreHenry Ford and the Model T Ford789 Words   |  3 Pagesvehicle that started the mobile craze in America was the Model T ford by Henry Ford. Hitting it off with the entire nation, The Model T Ford was a smashing success. People would say that when the farm was under Henrys control. They would not see any tools. Henry ran his farm the way of the â€Å"future†. Henry ran a very efficient farm however this was not what he wanted to do with life. As we already know Henry wanted to create the first car. Ford was raised on a small farm ran by his father outside ofRead MoreThe Decade of New Ideas and Inventions Essay634 Words   |  3 Pagescar. In 1903 Henry Ford was the person to solve the problem for the United States of America (â€Å"Ford Motor Company† 1). On June 16, 1903 Henry Ford founded the Ford Motor Company (â€Å"Ford Motor Company† 1). The Ford Motor Company was based out of Detroit, Michigan (â€Å"Ford Motor Company† 1). The company was located in an old wagon factory (â€Å"Ford Motor Company† 1). Ford Motor Company released its first car in 1903 (â€Å"Automobile Design in the 1900s, 1900-1909† 2). That first car was a Model A (â€Å"Automobile DesignRead MoreThe United States Progress and Henry Ford Automobile Industry897 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Ford are what really allowed the country to become what it has. At the start of the 20th century Henry Ford sought after a way to quickly and affordably assemble a motor vehicle that would be viable and feasible to the working middle-class of America. By constructing and designing the Ford Model-T, he was able to change the way American’s commute from 1908 to present day. The production of the affordable Model-T changed the face of American travel evermore. Tin Lizzie, T-Model Ford, ModelRead MoreFord Motor Company Influences The 21st Century1062 Words   |  5 Pages The Ford Motor Company Influences the 21st Century A man that went by the name of Henry Ford, once said, â€Å"I invented nothing new. I simply assembled the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The Ford Motor Company is an American continental automobile maker founded by Henry Ford on June 16, 1903. During the 1920s, this firm marketed automobiles that were reliable, low-cost, easy-to-operate and easier-to-fix device for the masses (Rise of the Automobile). In addition, theRead MoreHenry Ford : A Major Part Of History1064 Words   |  5 PagesHenry Ford A major part of history started during the Industrial Revolution when Henry Ford founded The Ford Motor Company. Ford’s family had a part in the company with ideas and presidency. The first ideas of the company came out of Ford’s backyard with him using a bicycle to make a vehicle. The assembly line had a big impact that affected other companies by making production much faster. A wide variety of vehicles made patrons be interested in seeing what kind of inventions could be made nextRead MoreAn Overview On An Evolving Era1623 Words   |  7 PagesMadison Pohl Mrs. Christoffersen 11A – Era Research Paper 23 October 2015 An Innovating Era One of the most famous innovative engineers of all time, Henry Ford, once said, â€Å"You can t build a reputation on what you are going to do.† Between 1850 and 1914 the American people happened to be living by this. Everyone tried creating something to profit, not to satisfy American needs, but some Americans built a reputation doing the opposite of that. During the years between 1850 and 1914, Americans wereRead MoreThe Model T Revolutionized The Automotive Industry1125 Words   |  5 PagesHenry Ford began making cars, he felt that the automotive was destined to make the horse and carriage disappear. However, to make that happen first he needed to produce a car that was affordable by everyone. In 1908, he achieved that with the production of the Model T. The Model T revolutionized the automotive industry. The Model T was the first affordable car for the masses. Its affordability came from several properties. First, the Model T featured all interchangeable parts. Parts in one Model T wereRead MoreThe Invention Of The Automobile Industry Essay1150 Words   |  5 Pagesorder to increase the number of persons who could be carried (Lynn, 54). However, in the year 1907, Henry Ford invented the first car model which was referred to as T model, that allowed everyone to own a automobile. In this paper I will argue the importance of cars through history and why cars are the biggest history humans have created using too expecific examples from history. The T model reinvented the automobile industry making automobiles accessible for every social class. And almost a centuryRead MoreFords Effect On Manufacturing Industry1438 Words   |  6 Pages he was known as Henry Ford (1863-1947). Ford grew up on his parents farm in Michigan. He loved to work on the farm machinery. He was good at fixing things and could even repair watches. Although Ford did not invent the automobile but his introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry, his inventions are still marveled in the modern world today. Henry Ford installed the World’s first moving assembly line in December 1913. Ford and the assembly line improved

Engineering Innovation and Ethics Indigenous Australian People

Question: Discuss about the Engineering Innovation and Ethics Indigenous Australian. Answer: Indigenous Australians are those people who were migrated from Africa somewhere around 60,000 years ago. They were the first people coming to Australia and had no such defined origin. The development of indigenous population of Australia is not equal. Those indigenous people who are living in the urban or the rural places there developments are not even. Moreover, the development of both groups of indigenous people has moved differently (Thomson, 2012). However, the several of government policies and regulations do suggest that the present time of indigenous people are finding elevated supports from the local government than in the past. This is one reality that indigenous people had no such favours from the Australian government. Until 1967, they had no such significant favouring form the local government. However, the scenarios have changed in the last ten years and this is because of the fact that the Australian government is taking some serious initiatives to uplift the living st andard of the indigenous people of Australia (Short, 2016). The main purpose of the assignment is to evaluate the initiatives take by the local government in the recent times. In the year 2008, the Australian government has decided to address all the inequalities, which the aborigines are facing in Australia. The commitment was decided to vanish the gap. Some of the highlighted gaps were such as to address the solutions for a comparative life expectancy; the rates of deaths of infants are higher than the non-aborigines, comparatively poorer health condition and lower levels of employment and education. The move was to address the issue and find the required solutions for the highlighted problems. However, the initiatives could only be partially successful as it fell down in providing the utmost solutions to the indigenous people. The rate of deaths of infant were reduced than compared to that in the year 1998; however, it did not reduce the extent as it was anticipated. On a same note, the target to close the differences in between the aborigines and non-aborigines are not on track. The rate of unemployment is also not on the track. However, some of the hi ghly infected diseases were efficiently being reduced to a considerable amount. Those diseases were HBV, Gonorrhoea and the rates of smoking in women during pregnancy were also reduced (Hilson, 2016). It is an undeniable fact that the issues are being addressed at some big occasions but nothing so the Australian government has so far achieved commanding. The inequality in between aborigines and non-aborigines are still out of control. The rate of remedial actions and the respective consequences are still defying any potential move by the government. The inequality is not only in the physical condition but it has also dominated the mentalities of common people who are racist to this nature. It is the feeling of racism, which has so far successfully defied any significant consequence of numerous government projects for aborigines (Altman Martin, 2013). The engineering ethics is a set of rules that governs the ethical commitment of engineers towards a society or group. The social wellbeing is one of the responsibilities of engineering ethics, which tries to manifest the social awareness towards a social group. The poor and lamentable conditions of indigenous people in the past and the current development have posed several challenges to the ethical engineering. The challenge is to deliver the moral principles of applied engineering ethics (Behrendt, 2012). The role of engineering may include making through research on some localities, defining the problems, analyzing criteria, and making decisions. However, making decisions would certainly be tested as so far there have been so many reforming works for the indigenous people but nothing significant has happened yet. The ethical duties of engineers are to conduct a thorough analysis and find some necessary solutions to the problems identified. It might also be the case that the identi fied problem is a new find; however, it might be less ensuring to the fact that the works is on progress. The essential problems have so far remained with the clinical remedies in right proportion. This is for such reasons that the aborigines are so far unidentified with an utmost solution (Yu, 2012). The existing problem to the aborigines and the relevant helplessness works of the local government can collectively posed some serious challenges to the engineers. The ethical engineering and the never dying debate on the solutions for the indigenous people are two contradicting facts, which have less connectivity to each others morality. If I have to visit to some aborigines and to conduct a research on the existing problem, I might feel less confident because the same things have been repeated in the past for quite a time. The biggest challenge would be to ensure a maximum faith of aborigines onto the works, which I have planned for them. The several of remedial actions in past have fetched so far no such significant gaps narrowing in between aborigines and non-aborigines (De Costa, 2012). Conducting the research is possible but concluding the results and implementing the same is difficult. The ethical engineering is about finding the problems and providing the possible solutions; however, I would be in all sorts of doubt about how to propose the changes and bring the required remedial actions. This is because of the fact that the remedial actions are easy to be identified but are a comparatively difficult to implement the solutions. The identified solutions might attract respective granting of permission from the local government of Australia as they itself trying their level best to ensure equal rights to all group of societies in Australia. The incapability of the Australian government in bringing changes to the aborigines has put in a complex situation, as it would be difficult for me to communicate effectively with the aborigines. The communication with the aborigines is essential, as this would help coming to some conclusion. However, it is even complicated and tough for me to have a healthy communication with the aborigines because they had so far not received the utmost equal rights (Garling et al., 2013). The local government initiatives to uplift the living standards of aborigines in Australia and giving them equal rights to prevent numerous consequences such as high rates of infant deaths is so far partially achieved. The series of remedial actions from the local government has changed the scenarios to some extent, as the situation was even worse until 1967s. Nevertheless, the highly incremented problems of inequalities have not met with such potential solutions, which could completely outplay the differences n between different communities. For an engineer, it is very difficult and complicated case to have a healthy communication with the aborigines. This is because of the fact that the ethical engineering instructs towards an ultimate solution; however, the present scenarios in Australia would not let the implementation of the solution happen. Moreover, the rising inequalities among different communities in Australia are still in search of some handful remedial action, which could efficiently eliminate the inequalities from the society. The progress is happening but not to the desired level. This has created enormous challenges not only to the Australian government hut also to the ethical rules, which is causing problems to the engineers also. References Altman, J., Martin, D. (2013).Power, Culture, Economy (CAEPR 30): Indigenous Australians and Mining(p. 243). ANU Press. Behrendt, L. (2012).Indigenous Australia for dummies. John Wiley Sons. De Costa, R. (2012).A higher authority: indigenous transnationalism and Australia. UNSW Press. Garling, S., Hunt, J., Smith, D., Sanders, W. (2013).Contested governance: culture, power and institutions in Indigenous Australia(p. 351). ANU Press. Hilson, G. (2016).Natural resource extraction and indigenous livelihoods: Development challenges in an era of globalization. Routledge. Short, D. (2016).Reconciliation and colonial power: Indigenous rights in Australia. Routledge. Thomson, N. (2012). Translational research and the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet.health,7, 211. Yu, P. (2012).The power of data in Aboriginal hands. Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research.

Miss Brill Essays (804 words) - Miss Brill, Literature, Fiction

Miss Brill The point of view that Katherine Mansfield has chosen to use in Miss Brill serves two purposes. First, it illustrates how Miss Brill herself views the world and, second, it helps the reader take the same journey of burgeoning awareness as Miss Brill. The story is written in a third person omniscient (although limited) point of view. Miss Brill also interprets the world around her in a similar fashion. She is her own narrator, watching people around her and filling in their thoughts to create stories to amuse herself. Compared to most people, Miss Brills thinking is atypical. Generally, in viewing the world around him, a person will acknowledge his own presence and feelings. For example, if something is funny, a person will fleetingly think I find that amusing. While that entire sentence may not consciously cross his mind, the fact that it is humorous is personally related. Miss Brill has no such pattern of thought. She has somehow managed to not include herself in her reactions; she is merely observing actions and words. In this manner, she most resembles the narrator of the story by simply watching and relaying the events around her. This internalized third person point of view is taken even further when Miss Brill decides that the park and everyone in it [is] like a play. It [is] exactly like a play (260). This is the epitome of her detached point of view. Not only is she merely watching the people around her, she is so far removed from them that she feels like a separate audience. This theory that she hits upon then changes, and she decides that she does, in fact, have a part in the play as an actress. Even at this point of inclusion, she does not see herself as a leading lady, but as a mere cast member is the drama that unfolds in the park every Sunday. This seems even more detached. It implies that she is putting on a show rather than behaving and reacting honestly toward her own life. As Miss Brill travels from her isolated existence into self-awareness, the reader is also taken on the same trip. The readers perceptions of Miss Brill during the story mirror and shift along with Miss Brills perceptions about herself. The reader is given no real clues about Miss Brill other than her profession, a teacher, and that she goes to the park every Sunday. Her age is unidentified and hard to guess; the reader is given no connection between Miss Brill and others her age. In fact, Miss Brill comes across as much younger than she is, mainly due to her disdain toward older people. She finds them odd [and] silent . . . from the way they stared they looked as though theyd just come from dark little rooms or even even cupboards! (259). Just as she only focuses on other people, the reader is only told about the people surrounding her at the park. When she decides that she is an actress, the reader gains a similar insight about Miss Brill; she sees her world as an intricate show th at can be thrown out of balance by one absence. At the climax of the story, when the two young lovers comment on her appearance, the reader is suddenly aware of how old Miss Brill really is and how unaware she was about that fact. Miss Brill and the reader experience the shattering of her self image at the same time. For the first time during the story, both the reader and she see how other people see her. At the end of the story, when she puts the fur in its box and [thinks] she hear[s] someone crying (261), the reader is finally shown an emotion belonging to Miss Brill. Mansfields use of third person point of view in this story allowed her to keep Miss Brills fears and realities hidden from the reader. If the reader had been aware of everything from the beginning, there would have been no point at all to the story. Carefully revealing pieces of Miss Brills character through this point of view illustrated her own passage into a new reality. Keeping the

Lehman Brothers Ethical Reasoning Essay Example

Lehman Brothers Ethical Reasoning Essay Example Lehman Brothers Ethical Reasoning Essay Lehman Brothers Ethical Reasoning Essay Describe the situation at Lehman Brothers from an ethics perspective. What’s your opinion of what happened there? The ethical issue here was that Lehman’s executives exploited loopholes in the accounting standards to manipulate their balance sheet in order to mislead the investing public. Using â€Å"Repo 105†, Lehman was able to clear huge amount unprofitable assets off its balance sheet instead of selling at loss. Evidence pointed out that the chief executive, Richard Ruld, knew about the use of it but faked ignorance in defence. Even the auditors from Ernst and Young knew about the use of the suspicious Repo 105 but chose to keep quiet. I believe that the prime motivation behind the act was to retain investors’ confidence by preventing a plummet in stock price. Hence, the implication was that Lehman was projecting a false image of its strong financial position, meaning that its stock price was overvalued. Through falsified accounting reports, investors were tricked into believing that their investments were safe, incurring huge losses when Lehman defaulted. Investors lost faith. The consequences were devastating as it created a systemic crisis of confidence in the banking industry as all other banks froze lending to reduce their exposure of Lehman’s undesirable Repo 105. Lehman’s employees suffered too as they lost their jobs overnight. Could anything be done differently at Lehman Brothers to prevent what happened? Explain. After extensive research, it was apparent that a written â€Å"Code of Ethics† was present at Lehman Brothers. However, for an ethics code to be effective, the tone at the top executives needs to be set right so that the entire organisation can feel connected to the firm’s ethical values and beliefs. The obvious failure we witness in Lehman’s case was that the top management, led by Ruld (CEO) and Erin Callan (CFO), were guilty of unethical negligence and wrongdoing. Therefore, it is vital for the Shareholders to screen through their selection of the Board of Directors extremely stringently to ensure the appointment of the right leaders. As the top management was already corrupted, the Ethics Programs at Lehman had limited use in ensuring the upholding of the Ethics Code, as these top executives can wield their axe down on any whistleblowers that puts their power in jeopardy. This was the exactly what happened at Lehman, when whistleblower Matthew Lee, was axed. Therefore, Lehman needs to ensure that ethical leaders are at helm for this control mechanism to work, so that the Ethics Code can be reinforced through compliance-based ethics programmes to serve as deterrence. Simultaneously, integrity-based ethics programmes must come into play to instill and influence an individual responsibility for upholding ethical behaviour, with compliance continuously playing the role of monitoring, to prevent any future reoccurrences. On top of this, Lehman could have adopted the Moral Rights Approach to base their decision on whether their behaviour was ethical or unethical. Using this approach, they would not have committed fraudulent accounting, as it violates the fundamental rights that investors deserve from the use of their accounting report – which is to provide a faithful and accurate representation of the company for investors to evaluate investing decisions. Another preventive approach is the Fairness or Justice Approach to assist Lehman in weighing their ethical decision. The top executives’ decisions impact many groups of stakeholders, and the fraudulent acts only brought about harm to all stakeholders involved, as could be seen from the negative repercussions of the bank’s default – shareholders losing money, employees losing jobs, other banks’ losses due to lending to Lehman, public’s loss of confidence and stock markets crashing. If they did go about reporting their losses honestly, perhaps their stock price and profitability will fall, but at least the negative impacts would be localised within the firm, instead of triggering a banking shockwave. After all the public uproar over Enron and then the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to protect shareholders, why do you think we still continue to see these types of situation? Is it unreasonable to expect that businesses can and should act ethically? Analysing from the concept of Organisational Code of Ethics, it can be easily deduced that ethical failures from organisations usually stems from the individual ethics component. Unlike societal ethics and professional ethics which are based on established social norm and a certain set of standards, individual ethics is the only component that is not conformed to a certain enchmark. Every individual’s ethics differ from one another as it is shaped from the influence of their upbringing. While honesty can be one’s core value, it can also be the most neglected value of another. As seen from the case studies of Lehman and WorldCom, personal interest and greed of the top executives to remain in power motivated them to trampl e on ethics, resulting in their obstructionist approach. Managers must first understand that ethical decision making is dynamic and every element must be carefully weighed to prevent unethical issues. In applying the five ethical notions, it can be argued in Lehman’s case that manipulation brings about apparent utilitarianism for everyone (higher stock price for shareholders, more bonuses for employees, stronger creditors’ faith and higher management’s bonuses) in the short run. However, it is not justified for the stakeholders to be denied their fundamental rights of having accurate information of the bank, nor is it fair and justifiable that it brings about harm for all stakeholders in the long run when it went bust. It is very reasonable to expect businesses to act ethically. This could possibly be achieved through a two pronged approach. The first, which aims to resolve unethical issues in the long run, requires the need for a stronger emphasis on education. Simple as it may sound, but the lack of ethical education is extremely glaring. In this profit driven world, where money speaks louder than anything else, there seems to be a shift towards higher reward and recognition for profits rather than ethical behaviour. Education serves as the most effective and fundamental way to resolve and prevent unethical issues altogether as it tackles the root of the problem to instill the right mindset. The second, perhaps shorter term measure, deals with governance. To prevent the evil temptation of dishonesty, there needs to be much harsher consequences and deterrence, such that temptation will vanish upon thought of the possible sentences that potential manipulators will face. Currently, the punishments of fines and jail terms are simply not severe enough to deter off such seduction of greed. With a softer but more effective measure through education to correct mentalities in the long run, and a harsher deterrence factor in the short term, ethical behaviour can be definitely be achieved.

How to be yourself at work

How to be yourself at work If you’re like most people, you’ve encountered at least one situation at work in which you’ve wondered, â€Å"How should I behave?† â€Å"Can I be myself in this situation or do I need to act a certain way?† These situations can be challenging to navigate and can make an already stressful job experience harder than it is- or needs to be. The truth is, for most people, the subject of workplace behavior can be a tricky balancing act. On one hand, you want to approach your job- whatever level or industry you’re currently in- as a rung on a ladder. At the top sit your ultimate professional and career goals, and you want to align your on-the-job behavior in a way that will best help you climb gracefully and easily. On the other hand, you don’t want to create an artificial or disingenuous work persona that’s so far removed from who you really are that you make yourself miserable.Your main goal is to strike a positive and productive ba lance, using your well-honed workplace instincts and your true sense of self to become an effective and genuine employee that your coworkers appreciate having around. The following are some proven strategies to help you stay on track.Be situation smart.Truly successful employees make it a point to learn the unique â€Å"ins and outs† of their specific work environments. On top of doing their jobs effectively, they study their colleagues and their particular work styles- how they like to collaborate, their preferred communication tools, the tone and topics they typically respond best to.Once you get a good handle on your work environment, you can best understand when and where you can be your true self. Are you a lighthearted employee who prefers face-to-face conversations and a casual tone when discussing work-related issues? If so, be sure to figure out which of your colleagues this style works best with and feel confident that you can be your â€Å"true self† when de aling with them.And what about those more serious coworkers who prefer everything to be handled over email with a minimum of witty banter? It can really be in your best interest to modulate your approach to best suit their needs and preferences- not only will this increase your chances of handling work issues effectively, it should also score you some points with these folks, which is never a bad thing.Pay attention to clues.The most effective employees are truly self-reflective workers- they make it a habit to analyze their behaviors across situations in an effort to discover what works best. This gives them a tremendous advantage when encountering any type of work issue. From what to wear on any given day or event to how aggressive or laid back to be in a meeting and how freely you should share constructive criticism or new ideas, they truly make an effort to analyze a situation and tailor their approach accordingly. There’s a time and a place for most things at work- the t rick is to learn the crucial when, where, and with whom.Learn from mistakes.Let’s be honest- no one is perfect, and we all have done things that we’d love to take back or erase, given the chance. But those who tend to be most successful in their work environments are those who learn from mistakes- both theirs as well as the mistakes of others. It stands to reason that the best measure of what works and what doesn’t is history, and this holds true for the world of work as well. Did you or a colleague deliver a presentation that fell flat? Do you know someone at work who coworkers tend to avoid whenever possible- or perhaps you’re this person?If so, analyze the situation and take an honest look at things in an effort to figure out what’s wrong and where you can get back on the right track moving forward. Strong employees don’t approach this as a moment to declare, â€Å"I just can’t be myself when I’m at work!† or, â€Å" I’m stuck in a hopeless situation!† Instead, they take it as a helpful inflection point, a time to address challenges head on and make improvements in an effort to get further up that career ladder. Oftentimes, the truest way to discover the right approach is by learning which ones are wrong. Trial and error are great guides in life.The Bottom LineIt’s been said that effective employees are like chameleons. They have an uncanny ability to adapt and blend into all sorts of situations. While this may or may not mean that you can completely and totally be â€Å"yourself† in every situation you’ll encounter at work, the truth is that most of us have a wide range of behaviors that comprise who we are- at various times, we’re serious or playful, focused or multitasking, talkative or quiet- the trick to being your â€Å"true self† at work is to know which aspect of your personality is appropriate given the situation. Follow the strategies out lined here and before long you should find yourself climbing higher and higher up that ladder to career success.

Poem Analyze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Poem Analyze - Essay Example The description he gave to the woman is lampoon or could be compared to caricature of the conventional love sonnet. Analysis of Sonnet 130 Shakespeare symbolic use of terms in describing his mistress is manifested in Sonnet 130. Some of the comparisons are: (2) corals are more reddish compared to his lips/, (3) the breast is brownish gray compared to the white snow/, (4) the hair is black and not golden brown/, (8) compared to perfume the breath of his mistress is nasty or unpleasant. However, to Elizabethan, reeks would only mean simply â€Å"breaths forth’/. Those were some of the physical attributes Shakespeare gave to her mistress and this is extra ordinary to consider. It would be so hard to distinguish whether it is a compliment or an insult considering that this is an attribute being given to the beloved one. According to Shakespeare, (9) the voice of her mistress is not pleasing compared to music/ and the latter part of the Sonnet, (11) Shakespeare compared his mistre ss to a goddess that walk on the ground which expresses his admiration to the mistress/ and has considered his mistress to be rare among those that could be given false representation and ridiculous comparison (Hale, J. 2002). In line three, (3) Shakespeare uses the word dun in comparison to his mistress brownish gray breast.

Request for proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Request for proposal - Essay Example There are diverse set of foods provided by Chipotle from which various customers would choose. The brand will be appealing to different travellers at FLL Airport Clients at the airport demand quick services, an aspect that Chipotle promises to deliver. Its four-step plan is a robust package to reduce delays. The company runs nearly 350 transactions per hour at its fastest restaurants to ensure fast service to its clients. The company has employed expediters, personnel to coordinate rolling of the burrito and coordination of the order by getting drinks to the customer. Part of the staff, linebackers, patrols the countertops to ensure seamless service provision to the customers. The â€Å"Mise en place† policy ensures zero tolerance to absolutely nothing in place for the customer during peak hours. At Chipotle, the â€Å"Aces in their places† policy is effective and functional. The policy ensures that only top serves operate during peak hours (Ferdman 1). In essence, at Chipotle, a burrito can be prepared and ready to serve in less than 2 minutes (mikem301s12 1). Chipotle regards consumers’ health as a vital factor and part of its service delivery considerations. Its fast foods are health-conscious and conform to set standards set main regulatory institutions and bodies. Chipotle will uphold regular inspection of its fast foods to ensure compliance with required levels of value and accreditation standards. Furthermore, the personnel at Chipotle are qualified to provide the services required by diverse consumers of fast food and travellers at the airport (Bhasin 1). Bhasin, Kim. How Chipotles Assembly Line Makes Your Burrito So Ridiculously Fast. Business Insider. April 23, 2012. Web. Web. April 19, 2015. http://www.businessinsider.com/how-chipotles-service-line-is-so-fast-2012-4 Ferdman, Roberto. How Chipotle is going to serve burritos faster, and faster, and faster. Quatz. February 1, 2014. Web. April 19, 2015.

Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Romeo and Juliet Essay During the first scene of the play we are introduced to several character and the setting for the play. The story is set in the Italian city of Verona. Italy was regarded as a wealthy and romantic country where extravagant love affairs took place. Verona is a town that was popular with the rich and classical civilisation. This makes Verona an ideal setting for the tragic romance. The play was written in the 16th Century (1595) and is about forbidden love. A pair of star crossed lovers, find themselves facing death due to their feuding families. We are introduced to two different families with one major thing in common. They despise the other family. Both families will go to extreme lengths to out do the other. They will do anything from biting their thumb at each other, to fighting to the death. Both families take any opportunity to hurt/ destroy the other family. Sampson and Gregory, Capulet servants, are roaming Verona looking for trouble. Well not carry coals. They come across Abraham and another servant from the Montague household. A fight breaks out; Benvolio one of the Montague family tries to stop the fight (part fools). Matters are made worst as Tybalt a Capulet arrives and sets on Benvolio. Talk of peace? I hate the word, as I hate hell, all Montagues, and thee. The fighting threatens to get out of hand as Lord and Lady Capulet and Montague arrive on the scene. Prince Escalus arrives and orders the families to stop or they will suffer a grave penalty. They are told to throw their mistempered weapons to the ground. The Capulets are ordered to leave. Lady Montague finds out from Benvolio what had happened and expressed her pleasure that Romeo was not there. Benvolio describes Romeos recent strange behaviour and general sadness to Lord Montague. Benvolio discovers that Romeo is in love but that the women he loves has resolved to do nothing with men. Benvolio suggests that Romeo should forget her and examine other beauties. Romeo assures him this is impossible. At the beginning of the scene Romeo is noticeably absent. We discover he is suffering from love sickness, the object of his unanswered devotions being Rosaline. This was the reason why Romeos fit of depression was brought on. He is adamant that there is no other woman for him. This accounts for the confusion that we see in his conversation with Benvolio. His speech is crammed with oxymorons and contradictions as he struggles to make sense of his predicament. Romeos love sounds very artificial, its not true its almost as though he is over reacting and being too false. He is acting very emotionally and in the opposite way to what a respectable young man should act. We first see Benvolio in the market place trying to stop the fight. This shows Benvolio is the opposite of Tybalt and does not want to start a fight. Benvolio is a close and sensitive friend to Romeo able to judge his affections with his own. His response to Romeos dilemma is sympathetic and practical, forget to think of her. He addresses Romeos situation in a very masculine way. He tells Romeo to forget her and examine other beauties. In contrast to Benvolio, Tybalt is hot tempered, vindictive and aggressive. He appears first when Benvolio is endeavouring to separate the aggressive parties. He goes for his sword rejecting Benvolios plea to keep the peace. His response sums up all you need to know about his part in the play: What, drawn and talk of peace? I hate the word, as I hate hell, all Montagues, and thee. He is obliged to withdraw by the entry and strong words of the Prince but his seething hatred for the Montagues are not eased. Tybalts first appearance establishes him as one who enjoys a fight and will never back down to a fight. Lord Capulets first appearance is him rushing in wearing a night gown calling for his long sword to join the fight. This shows him to be a comic figure in the play (Shakespeare wanted his plays to be humorous and make the audience laugh and jeer) especially when his wife remarks he would be better off with a crutch. The Prince Escalus is a victim of circumstance; he is always just too late to do anything. He is plainly angered by the families feud yet lacks the strength to reconcile their differences. After the third civil brawl the prince threatens Capulet and Montague with their lives. The prince has no real power in the city and finds it hard to stop the families fighting. The families are becoming a major problem in the city and are disturbing everyday life, and injuring innocent people. So far in the play we have been introduced to two rival families. Whose goals are to become the most important family in Verona and destroy the other family. The first family being the Montagues (Lord Montague, Lady Montague. Romeo, Abraham, Balthasar and Benvolio) and the other the Capulets (Lord Capulet, Lady Capulet, Juliet, Sampson, Gregory and Tybalt).

Internet2 Essay example -- Internet Computers Technology Essays

Internet2 Internet2 was formed in 1006 with an original 34 institutions participating. With Internet2, the Clinton Administration was trying to advance technologies for many people. Their first step was to connect 100 institutions at 100 times the speed of the current internet. The applications generated by this research have already had a positive affect on fields such as health care, national security, distance learning, energy research, environmental monitoring, and manufacturing. Internet2 is an extremely interesting subject. One very important fact to keep in mind throughout learning about Internet2 and its different goals and purposes is that Internet2 is not meant to replace the present day form of the Internet, but rather to improve tomarrow's form of the Internet. Internet2, today, has grown into a consortium, or agreement that is being carried out by a group of 206 universities all across the United States. These various universities are working as partners along with industry as well as the government in hopes to develop and eventually deploy more advanced network applications and technology. This newly created network applications, along with the technology, will help to better the forms of Internet that will be available in the future. What Internet2 is really doing is completely recreating the partnership between education, industry and the government, which is what brought the Internet to its current state. There are three primary goals that Internet2 is aiming to accomplish. The first goal is to create a leading edge network capability for the national research community. The second goal is to enable revolutionary Internet applications. The thrid goal of Internet2 is to ensure the ... ...ng that he or she has absolutely no past knowledge of. I not only learned what Internet2 is, but I learned a lot about the current Internet and how it actually functions. To me, the Internet has always just been out there. I log on, and then I have immediate access to pretty much anything I desire. Now that I know and understand what gives me that access and how I get it, I will never look at the Internet or World Wide Web the same way. Just as e-mail and the World Wide Web are legacies of earlier investments in academic, industry and federal research networks, the legacy of Internet2 will be to expand the possibilities of the broader Internet. I believe that within the next four to five years, the world will see and have access to the use of an entirely different and advanced Internet due to the developments made by Internet2 and its actively working members.

Draft a Definition: Family Essay

Our ever-changing environment has impacted everything that it has even resulted to people having their own definition of words such as the word â€Å"family†. People now make their own definition of the said word based on their own personal and domestic experiences and circumstances. Gone are the old days of having one specific formal definition for the word â€Å"family† where it was also universally applied. The word family before was simply defined as a social unit â€Å"consists of a male wage earner, a non-working wife, and kids† (Lewin). It was considered as the simplest form of social organization where each member occupies a position, like being a father or mother to one’s children, husband or wife, the eldest or the youngest child. However, today there is more to the said definition. A family is defined as not only inclusive of the presence of a father or a mother with children but could also be any two or more persons living together regardless of sex orientation and preference but have commitment with each other, share the same values, and pursue the same goals. This definition may not have a legal standing in our society but various social groups asserted for its acceptance. These social groups would like to liberate the definition of the word family to pave the way for society’s acceptance as well as legal recognition especially for those who are involved in homosexual partnership where a relationship anchored on a long and deep commitment between partners was already established yet are not legally recognized. I still recognize family as a social unit but I hold a deeper meaning for it. For me a family is one that molds the character and personality of its member and in his contribution to the society. It is the building block of any society. The strength and durability of any society stems from the cohesiveness of this social unit called a family. As such I viewed family as the main link between the individual and the society. This is where the person or the child first gains experiences in love, affection, kindness, sympathy, and the like. The child gets oriented into the culture of the group, its norms, goals and types of consensus and sanctions. Indeed, the family is that social unit which has a pervasive influence on the individual’s behavior, even up to adulthood. It acts as the social laboratory which prepares the child for life in the bigger society, and that it is the family which is the first, the closest, and the most influential social group in the child’s life. Also, a family being a social system makes each member, from the youngest to the oldest, regardless of other personal circumstances essential to the working of the said system. Further, a family is one that provides a child with a fertile ground to build a solid foundation of who he will become in the future. It prepares the child to the outside world and also to the next life cycle. A family is something that is always there for its member no matter what and no matter when. Indeed, a healthy family may not necessarily have a father or a mother or both but it can bring people out of themselves as they recognize others. They heal, bind, and foster intimacy. They bring the sense of belonging, of feeling worthwhile, and develop a sense of individuality. Members of the family realize their unique dignity. These virtues are often overlooked in families, or are considered secondary or only expressed to friends, when they truly are the foundation of a healthy, functioning family. Reference List Lewin, Tamara. Suit Over Death Benefits Asks, What is a Family? Retrieved March 10, 2007 from http://www. cs. cmu. edu/afs/cs. cmu. edu/user/scotts/domestic-partners/family. html.

Antitrypsin Deficiency

Alpha- l -Antitrypsin (AAT), is a chemical synthesized in the liver and circulating throughout via bloodstream. Also known as Alpha- l -Proteinase Inhibitor (A1 -PI), it is a member of the serpin or the serine protease inhibitor family. Its physiological target is elastase.A normal individual inherits two AAT genes: one from each parent. Nevertheless, when individuals inherit two abnormal AAT genes they tend to show symptoms of alpha-1 deficiency. Some people inherit only one abnormal gene and they are called alpha-1 â€Å"carriers. † Alpha-1 is therefore purely a genetically inherited condition.According to the American Thoracic Society (2006), risk of major health problems in a person with one abnormal gene or a carrier may be lower as compared to a person with two abnormal genes (American Thoracic Society, 2006). WHO (2008) categorizes Alpha- l -Antitrypsin Deficiency (Alpha-1) as a genetic disorder that can cause liver and lung disease in adults and children. Alpha-1-antit rypsin (AAT) deficiency is associated with 85%-90% reduction in serum concentrations of AAT. This causes increased risk for liver and lung ailments such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and emphysema (Stoller, 2005; Primhak and Tanner, 2001).In normal and healthy individuals, the primary role of AAT is to defend the connective tissue of lung against breakdown by a degradative enzyme called neutrophil elastase. In AAT deficient individuals, lack of AAT allows neutrophil elastase to destroy the connective tissue in the lungs (Stoller, 2005) and apart, in affected individuals, deficiency of blood levels below a level called â€Å"protective threshold† value makes them vulnerable to emphysema. This conditional may usually occur in prime of life, i. e. by age 40 even though there is absence of added risk factors such as cigarette smoking (Stoller, 1998).Polymerization of a mutant AAT protein in the liver cells, along with abnormal accumulation of AAT in the liver ends in hep atocellular injury (Primhak and Tanner, 2001). It is believed that this abnormal accumulation of AAT within the liver cells is mainly due to a structural abnormality of the AAT protein. Normally, it is secreted from the hepatocyte and circulates through bloodstream, but in abnormal conditions it accumulates within liver cells leading to deficiency of AAT in the blood (Brantly et al. , 1988).The mutant AAT molecules are usually retained in the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocyte and are also hepatotoxic . Teckman et al. (1996) reveals that these retained AAT appear to be periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive, diastase-resistant eosinophilic inclusions in the periportal hepatocytes. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency disorder occurs also in newborns. Primary symptoms in newborns are jaundice, swelling of the abdomen, and poor feeding. In late childhood or adulthood Alpha-1 disorder can be detected by symptoms such as poor appetite, fatigue, swelling of the abdomen and legs or abnormal l iver tests.

Western separatism essays

Western separatism essays Since Confederation over one hundred years ago, the Central and Eastern Regional Governments have exploited the entire area west of the Ontario/Manitoba border, both economically and politically. They also made it impossible for western Canadians to reach a point where they would have any opinion in determining their own political and economic well-being. The previous government had continued to ignore the weak ineffective voice of western Canada. Because of this, many people asked themselves, should the west separate from Canada? Is a province allowed to separate from Canada? The Supreme Court and the Parliament of Canada both said that it is legally attainable. All that is required is a clear referendum question, a clear majority and political will. The separation of the west would have included Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. If separation would have occurred, British Columbia and Alberta would have been able to form new countries. There are many reasons why the west wanted to separate from Canada. One of the reasons is taxes. Why were the taxes so high? To fatten the parasite of Ottawa which eats up good men, turning their backbone into jelly, first. This government which destroys freedom in the name of security eats up prosperity in the name of Canadians ownership and takes the resources of the west mercilessly to support their Bay Street Transportation policies have ensured that it would cost more to ship from the west to east than from the east to west, so that a western manufacturer would not be able to compete with an eastern manufacturer, because of high shipping costs. The most important reason why western Canada wanted to separate is the fact that their future had always been decided elsewhere. The realization of this creates the motivation to do something to chance it. It is goi...

Womens Suffrage and the Seneca Falls Convention

Womens Suffrage and the Seneca Falls Convention The Seneca Falls Convention was held in Seneca Falls, New York in 1848. Many individuals cite this convention as  the beginning of the womens movement in America. However, the idea for the convention came about at another protest meeting: the 1840 World Anti-Slavery Convention  held in London. At that convention, the female delegates were not allowed to participate in the debates. Lucretia Mott wrote in her diary that even though the convention was titled a World convention, that was mere poetical license. She had accompanied her husband to London, but had to sit behind a partition with other ladies such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton. They took a dim view of their treatment, or rather mistreatment, and the idea of a womens convention was born. The Declaration of Sentiments In the interim between the 1840 World Anti-Slavery Convention and the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention, Elizabeth Cady Stanton composed the Declaration of Sentiments, a document declaring the rights of women modeled on the Declaration of Independence. It is worth noting that upon showing her Declaration to her husband, Mr. Stanton was less than pleased. He stated that if she read the Declaration at the Seneca Falls Convention, he would leave town. The Declaration of Sentiments contained several resolutions including ones that stated a man should not withhold a womans rights, take her property, or refuse to allow her to vote. The 300 participants spent July 19th and 20th arguing, refining and voting on the Declaration. Most of the resolutions received unanimous support. However, the right to vote had many dissenters including one very prominent figure, Lucretia Mott. Reaction to the Convention The convention was treated with scorn from all corners. The press and religious leaders denounced the happenings at Seneca Falls. However, a positive report was printed at the office of The North Star, Frederick Douglass newspaper. As the article in that newspaper stated, [T]here can be no reason in the world for denying to woman the exercise of the elective franchise....   Many leaders of the Womens Movement were also leaders in the Abolitionist Movement and vice-versa. However, the two movements while occurring at approximately the same time were in fact very different. While the abolitionist movement was fighting a tradition of tyranny against the African-American, the womens movement was fighting a tradition of protection. Many men and women felt that each sex had its own place in the world. Women were to be protected from such things as voting and politics. The difference between the two movements is emphasized by the fact that it took women 50 more years to achieve suffrage than it did African-American men.

The british education system and it's effects on british business Essay

The british education system and it's effects on british business culture - Essay Example raditional forms of education while the development of technology and science have led to the need for the reform of the curriculum throughout the country. In accordance with the study of Koshy et al. (1998, 253) ‘over the past half-century, the British education system has undergone three major changes: an extension of opportunity for very able working class children to attend selective, state-funded grammar schools; a leveling out of opportunities within state-funded schools by abolishing the 11-plus examination and the introduction of a National Curriculum’. Extensive efforts have been made by the British government in order to align the country’s educational system with the relevant systems of other countries around the world at the level that such a decision could support the improvement of the British educational system in the long term. Of course, the educational system of Britain should be primarily based on the local social and cultural ethics as well as on the country’s educational facilities and the funds available for the realization of the relevant projects. Most important, the curriculum deliver ed in the country’s school should represent the British social values and ethics targeting mostly at the personal development of pupils/ students rather than their preparation for the workplace (a target that is included in any case among the priorities of the British government). Under these terms the British educational system is normally expected to affect the business culture within the specific country. The particular relationship between the British educational system and the British business culture will be clearer through the issues developed below. British business culture is based on a series of principles. Most of them are common among all entrepreneurial activities; there are also others that can be observed only in enterprises operating within a specific industrial sector (as an example, financial institutions are expected to have

Essay of leotard in spanish Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Of leotard in spanish - Essay Example conozca una persona ya que esta en una posicion de poder alla. Lyotard es una persona influencial en terminos de haber influido los filosofos que querian tratar de examinar sus teorias. El postmodernismo de Lyotard es un gran tema en la linea de filosofos que filosofizaban sobre el postmodernismo. Lyotard es conocido por su influencia en haber influido no solamente el discurso de la ciencia. Tambien es conocido por su conocimiento del postmodernismo en las otras materias de las matematicas y tambien en los artes liberales. Todas estas areas se han desarrollados por la manera de la influencia que tenia Jean Francois Lyotard. Su contribuido a estas tres areas se ha revolucionado la manera en que vemos la materia de la filosofia. Tambien vemos a la materia del postmodernismo diferentemente tambien. Sin embargo, el modo en que el se ha contribuido a la materia de la filosofia no tiene precio. Gracias a el, tenemos una definicion funcional del postmodernismo como relata a las disciplinas de la ciencia, las matematicas, y los artes liberales.

TeAchnology, Inc Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

TeAchnology, Inc - Assignment Example The author of the paper tells that to comply with the requirements of the Web Resource and Web 2.0 Learning Tool assessment, the site of TeAchnology is WebQuest hosting eg Zunal located at http://www.teach-nology.com/web_tools/web_quest/. The site provides various opportunities for both teaching and learning through accessing websites designed for diverse learning objectives. As indicated, there is a two-fold goal of the site: â€Å"to provide a reservoir of online resources for educators to access at any time and to provide effective tools for designing instruction that is time and energy saving†. There are several printable materials on the site (9,000 completely free printables). The general headings ready for access include worksheets, lesson plans, rubrics, teacher resources, printables, subjects, tools, tips, and membership. The site likewise offers email newsletters and favorite teacher resources that have options to access graphic organizers, English and math worksheet s, study skills, teacher forum, and timesaver. Diverse membership offers to include gold, platinum, silver, and supreme where access to diverse learning modules differs depending on preference and requirements. This learning resource is applicable for Kindergarten through High School teachers. According to the site, apart from teaching and learning skills for kindergarten to high school levels, the following services are likewise offered, to wit: â€Å"professional development consultations designed to support K-12 schools efforts to implement programs integrating technology in teaching; original content and software products designed to provide teachers with tools for creating instructional materials; original publications created by experienced educators for other educators; and reasonably priced membership programs†.

Example Reflective Essay using Rolfe Reflective Model

Example Reflective Essay using Rolfe Reflective Model This reflective essay will adopt Rolfes model of reflection, (Rolfe, G et al. 2001) which was derived from Bortons developmental model. (Boyd E et al. 1983) The scenario is presented as Appendix 1 and the patient has been anonymised as Lee in accordance with the NMC guidelines (NMC 2008) What? When analysed in overview, one can note that the main issues contained in this scenario are that a schizophrenic patient, who may therefore be psychotic, who is certainly confused due to his metabolic disturbances (hyponatraemia) and possibly idiopathic confusion, has made an allegation of physical assault against another staff member. The patient is also forgetful and the event happened three days ago. Clearly the incident cannot be confidently verified at this stage and there is a question as to whether the patient is reliable in making this allegation. Analysis revolves around my reflection on the actions that I took and whether they could be considered appropriate or capable of improvement. My role in the situation was that I was the recipient of the allegation. Having heard the allegation, I tried to make sense of it. On the one hand I was aware of the seriousness of the allegation if it were true, and therefore I was also aware of the potential harm that an untrue allegation could cause to the professional integrity of the ‘Special‘ who was involved. I was obviously aware of Lees potential for confusion and psychosis, but I was also impressed by the apparent veracity of his recollection and also by the fact that he started to cry when he was recounting it. (Nicol M N et al. 2004) On balance, I did believe his account of the situation. I therefore felt that I had a moral and professional duty to escalate the complaint to the Senior Ward Sister. After a period of discussion with the Ward Sister, I filled in an Incident Report Form (IR1), which was then forwarded to the hospital management. After the event, I experienced a period of prolonged self-examination. I was concerned in case I had inadvertently been party to a false allegation and considered further the consequences for the ‘Special involved. After a period of intense reflection, I concluded that I was right to take the action that I did, both because of my professional duty to ‘do my best for the patient but also because I was acting as the patients advocate in these circumstances, which seemed entirely appropriate. (Brooke C et al. 2007) The response of the Ward Sister seemed entirely appropriate. I believe that she went and spoke to Lee herself and determined that there was sufficient evidence to make the reporting of the incident (IR1) appropriate. This reassured me greatly. The Ward Sister also discussed the ethics and implications of the situation with me, which was both professionally helpful and considerate, as she could see that I was unclear about what I should do in these circumstances. In any reflective process, one also has to consider the feelings of the patient. In this case Lee did appear to be pleased that he was being taken seriously, but his fluctuating lucidity meant that further questioning did not clarify the situation any further. He certainly appeared to be pleased when he was told that the ‘special would not be assigned to him again. So what? The theoretical elements of the analysis of this situation are straightforward. Jasper, in his erudite series of analyses (Jasper M 2007), acknowledges that part of the responsibility of being a professional practitioner is to ensure that you give the best care possible to your patients or clients. In an analysis of a similar situation, the author is unequivocal in his assessment that the professional duty of the nurse is to share such reports of possible patient abuse with their immediate superior. Even if the patient is ‘of reduced capacity or ‘of questionable reliability (Jasper M 2007 Pg 36), they should therefore considered ‘vulnerable in the professional sense, and offered greater, not less, protection. An ethical analysis would suggest that the nurse should invoke the Principle of Non-Malificence, which was derived from the often quoted dictum of Hippocrates, which stated that one should â€Å"first do no harm†. (Carrick P 2000). This Principle stated that healthcare professionals must ensure that their patients are not harmed, nor will come to harm. (van Uffelen J G Z et al. 2008). I did consider the possibility of speaking to the ‘Special in an unofficial capacity, but came to the conclusion, that there was nothing that they could say which would change the proper course of action. This concurs with the opinion of Tschudin who analyses a number of similar situations. (Tschudin, V 2003). This level of analysis gave me a deeper insight into the situation and reinforced my initial conclusions relating to the proper and appropriate course of action. Now what? Given the fact that Lee had reported a possible episode of abuse, it seems entirely appropriate that it would be properly investigated. The action of the Sister in removing the ‘Special from caring for Lee also seemed appropriate and proportionate. It may have been considered more appropriate to suspend the ‘Special from work, but in circumstances when one is dealing with a confused and psychotic patient and there is a significant element of uncertainty about the veracity of the allegations, this might be considered inappropriate and unduly prejudicial to the ‘Special. (McMillan J 2005) At the time of the reporting of the incident, I apologised to Lee myself and reassured him that such a situation would not be allowed to occur again. I feel that this was also a professionally appropriate course of action, as it not only communicated a professional sense of responsibility to Lee, but also it demonstrated the fact that I was taking his complaint seriously and was sorry that it had happened. (Kozier, B et al. 2008) When analysed in overview, I effectively had two possible potential outcomes of the situation. Either I believed that Lee‘s story was probably true, or I didnt. This gives rise to a deeper analysis and, in the words of Cruess Cruess, the evolution of a student into an expert practitioner is judged by the ability to operate from a deep and holistic understanding of the total situation, a concept that is often referred to as ‘professional intuition. (Baillie L 2005). Cruess et al. suggest that this ‘professional intuition is better considered as ‘professional expertise, which is generally built up and gained over years of experience and which, when tested in the clinical environment, can become an altogether more robust concept. (Cruess S R et al. 2007). Reflection on this situation, together with the guidance received from the Ward Sister, has helped me to fully understand the main elements of this situation. If I were to encounter such a situation again I wou ld feel more confident in dealing with the situation rather than having to reflect at length after the event. Such analysis has helped me to realise that, to cite Schon, it is one of the ways professionals evolve and move beyond rule-bound behaviour and which enables them to function in a world of uncertainty and see problems in a holistic way and act appropriately. (Schà ¶n, D A (1987) Appendix Scenario: A 78 year old gentleman called Lee was admitted to my Ward with schizophrenia and other medical conditions, one of which includes confusion and hyponatremia. It has been explained to the patient and his next of kin that due to the dangerously low sodium level Lee is on a fluid restriction of 750 mls per day, however due to the patients mental statue, he constantly demands fluids and if not given he will start screaming and disturb other patient and can be very aggressive a time. For this reason the Senior Sister requested a special in order to provide a one to one care for Lee. I supported the patient with personal hygiene care one morning, Lee began to cry, when I asked what is the matter Lee? he said, three days ago a special slapped my arm and pinched me. And he said I was waiting for her to finish her shift to inform a staff nurse, by then I had forgotten. I hope when my son will visit me, I will remember to tell him what has happened. I reassured him that this will not happen again and I also apologised on her behalf and told Lee that particular specialist will not be caring for him any more. I reported the incident to the Ward Senior Sister and together we filled in an Incident Report Form (IR1). References Boyd E Fales A (1983) reflective learning: the key to learning from experience. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 23 (2): 99-117 Brooke C; Waugh A Eds (2007) Foundations of Nursing Practice, Fundamentals of Holistic Care. Lond Mosby Elsevier. Carrick P (2000) Medical Ethics in the Ancient World. Georgetown University press : Philadelphia Jasper M. (2007) Professional Development, Reflection and Decision – Making. Blackwell Publishing, Singapore. Kozier, B, et al. (2008) Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, Process and Practice. Harlow: Pearson Education. Nicol M N, Bavin B C, Bedford-Turner S B, Cronin P C Rawlings-Anderson K R (2004) â€Å"Essential Nursing Skills† 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone, Mosby NMC (2008) Nurse Midwifery Council: Code of professional conduct: Standards for conduct, performance and Ethics (2008) London : Chatto Windus 2008 Rolfe, G., Freshwater, D., Jasper, M. (2001). Critical Reflection in Nursing and the Helping Professions: a Users Guide. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Schà ¶n, D A: (1987), Educating the Reflective Practitioner: Toward a New Design for Teaching and Learning in the Professions, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco. Tschudin, V (2003). Ethics in Nursing: the caring relationship (3rd ed.). Edinburgh: Butterworth-Heinemann. van Uffelen J G Z, Chinapaw M J M, van Mechelen W, Hopman-Rock M (2008) Walking or vitamin B for cognition in older adults with mild cognitive impairment? A randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2008; 42 : 344 351

Citizen Soldiers essay -- essays research papers

In the book Citizen Soldiers by Stephen E. Ambrose, the title explains mainly what the book is about. The title itself gives you the insight about how the war was fought through the perspective of a regular citizen fighting in the biggest war in history. During the war there were many casualties, as a result more regular citizens were being drafted to go right into battle. In this book Ambrose exemplifies the fact that there were many regular citizens in the war and that they took the situation that they were in and made better of it and overcame it to come home as heroes. The men of the story were ordinary citizens put into an extraordinary situation and came out on top. These men often bonded together through some of the harder times, for example in the text there was a time where one soldier was able to be sent home to the states but refused it because he wanted to stay with his friend. â€Å"It’s either I stay here or he comes too,† those were the feelings of many people in the war that shared a special attachment with another man.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book was able to clarify many of my questions left over from Band Of Brothers, like how the men of the companies got along with the newer recruits and how they shared their feelings for them. I soon realized that the citizen soldiers of this book had their really close friends but they really didn’t see the new people as intruding on their war lifestyle and being too anxious to fight. They didn’t react to cruelly...

Everyman Play Analysis Essay

The play â€Å"Everyman† remains nobody indifferent and thus is attractive for many readers, because the play is the best example of the medieval morality play. The genre of the play is presented by allegory aiming at dramatizing moral struggle that can be considered as universal and individual as well. The play is interesting, because it portrays feasting Everyman being informed of approaching Death. Thus many important themes are raised in the play: death and eternal life, friendship and betrayal, knowledge and power, etc. The author originally portrays, firstly, how Everyman is deserted by his â€Å"true† friends and companions, how he falls back on his Good Deeds, etc. It is also necessary to admit that Everyman is associated with eternal values of beauty, intelligence, strength and human knowledge. All these elements assist Everyman in compiling book of Accounts, though at the end of the play he remains only with Good Deeds alone. Furthermore, the play is, certainly, edifying, because it provides the idea that people can take with them from real world nothing they have received, but only the things they have given others. Apparently, the play differs from contemporary biblical text as it doesn’t dramatize biblical episodes and characters. Instead the play personifies the good and bad qualities of mankind and shows them in conflict. Moreover, â€Å"Everyman† provides complete morality restricted by depicting the spiritual biography of the human microcosm, instead of representing spiritual history of man. Finally, the play is attractive due to author’s very unique style of writing, because the author employs s technique of imagery meaning that he uses images and symbols to represent a certain hero and particular idea. Thus imagery makes readers understand the play and acting better. Further, â€Å"Everyman† teach people how to be moral. Moral seems to be the universal theme being popular in all times. The play suggests that it is necessary to do good deeds and to obtain knowledge, because everything learnt will stay for the whole life.

Suitable Nutritional Care

Any sports played or even trainings and exercises may be beneficial to anyone unless done with in good condition. It may lead to development and improvement may it be physically or mentally. On the other hand it may also lead to body exhaustion in particular for those who do it on a regular basis, the athletes. This is why suitable nutritional care must be made to ensure that an athlete is competitive all throughout his career.   He must know how to develop good physical condition through proper diet. For every competition, trainings and exercises, an athlete must not fail to remember not to eat before and after the activities. Eating after the game or the post game nutrition is extremely essential. We must choose the right kinds of diet to fasten body recovery. After the activity, it is recommended that we eat rich in carbohydrates foods and beverages which can reload glycogen stores. For the lost fluids, replace it by drinking 2 cups of fluids especially cold water, it is more rapidly absorb by the body than warm waters. Beverages and sport drinks may also be taken in exchange for the fluids lost. Caffeine and alcohol containing fluids must be avoided.   The body fluids lost must be replaced within the period of 2 hours after any athlete’s activity. Replacement of the fluids lost benefits the body by eliminating the general discomfort not only the thirst and to regulate the body. Potassium and sodium were also lost during the activity, to replace it eat more fruits and vegetables for the replacement of potassium and salty foods for the sodium lost. (http://www-unix.oit.umass.edu/~excs597k/tow/NF92-66.htm) Proper pre-game and post game meals must be observed to ensure anyone’s not only for normal athlete’s health and body development. Pre-game nutrition is needed for the body to prepare the body for a strenuous activity. It provides additional body strength.   Post-game nutrition is more important, significantly helps out for exhausted person to recover and restore all nutrients and fluids lost in the body. It helps to normalize the body as well as the organs. It will be a good method to reestablish the body’s strength and shape and performance in order to perform any regular body activities.      

Anorexia essays

Anorexia essays They have an intense fear. Its so overwhelming that theyd rather be dead than fat. (110 Brownwell) An abusive disease that kills ten percent of its victims is Anorexia Nervosa. This self-starvation disorder affects one percent of all females and is a silent killer (1 Powell). Although this disease has only been recognized for only 120 years, the pressures of perfection have always affected people and acceptance according to looks. Anorexia can be a deadly or treatable disease where fear consumes its sufferers life and causes deep emotional and physical trauma. The official definition of an eating disorder is a persistent disturbance of eating or eating related behavior that results in the altered consumption or absorption of food that impairs physical health or psycho social functioning (135 Brownwell, Fairburn). There are several types of eating disorders, which though common, are very serious. One of the types is Anorexia Nervosa. More than ten percent of anorexics die because of the effects on their body from self-starvation. Anorexia is a very dangerous method of weight loss that involves obsession and fear to the point of it affecting their health. The first account of researching this disease was the writing of a book by Richard Morton in 1689 entitled The Treatise of Consumptions. The term anorexia has Greek and Latin origins that give it its meaning. The term anorexia means loss of appetite and Nervosa means nervous. This phrase fits with the exception of the false feeling of no appetite. Anorexic suffers feel no actual loss of appetite but actually trick their minds into thinking they are full. It is a disease of deliberate starvation and appetite control. Anorexia Nervosa affects over seven million women mainly from ages 15-35. Although this disease affects mainly white middle class women, around one million men also suffer from this disorder. A recovering anorexic, Dawn Lan...

Wind Energy the Indian Scenario Essays

Wind Energy the Indian Scenario Essays Wind Energy the Indian Scenario Essay Wind Energy the Indian Scenario Essay In 2008, India was the country that brought online the third largest amount of wind energy, after the US and China, and it now ranks fifth in total installed capacity with 10,925 MW of wind power installed at the end of 2009. A strong domestic manufacturing base has been main underlying factor for the growth of the Indian wind energy market. The Indian wind turbine manufacturer Suzlon is now a recognized player on the global market, and many international companies are established in India. India has a great untapped potential for wind energy. According to official estimates, the country’s total wind energy resource amounts to 48 GW of commercially viable capacity, but some experts think that this figure is on the conservative side, and that technological improvements could significantly increase this potential. The positive development of wind energy in India has mainly been driven by progressive state level legislation, including policy measures such as renewable portfolio standards and feed-in-tariffs. At the moment, there is no coherent national renewable energy policy to drive the development of wind energy. This is urgently needed to realize the country’s full potential and reap the benefits for both the environment and the economy. The Indian government is currently considering the introduction of a national renewable energy policy, so this report comes as a timely reminder of how important a role wind energy could play in securing India’s energy security, curbing its CO2 emissions, providing new employment and boosting economic development. The Indian wind industry, both domestic and international, stands ready to do its part in achieving an energy revolution in India. With sufficient political will and the right policy frameworks, it could do even more. This paper gives a brief on the history of wind energy in India, the current state of production, the major policies that are guiding the industry at the moment and also suggests a way forward for the industry. 1) RENEWABLE ENERGY SCENARIO IN INDIA : In the early 1980s, the Indian government established the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources (MNES) to encourage diversification of the country’s energy supply, and satisfy the increasing energy demand of a rapidly growing economy. In 2006, this ministry was renamed the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). Renewable energy is growing rapidly in India. With an installed capacity of 16. 4 GW, renewable energy sources (excluding large hydro) currently account for 7. 7 % of India’s overall power generation capacity. By 2012, the Indian government is planning to add an extra 14 GW of renewable sources. In its 10th Five Year Plan, the Indian government had set itself a target of adding 3. 5 GW of renewable energy sources to the generation mix. In reality, however, nearly double that figure was achieved. In this period, more than 5. 4 GW of wind energy was added to the generation mix, as well as 1. 3 GW from other RE sources. The target set for the period from 2008-2012 was increased to 14 GW, 10. 5 GW of which to be new wind generation capacity. In India the average life of a wind power generator is between 20-25 years. The Indian Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) estimates that there is a potential of around 90,000 MW for power generation from different renewable energy sources in the country, including 48,561 MW of wind power, 14,294 MW of small hydro power and 26,367 MW of biomass. Hence, it can be seen that wind forms the major chunk of renewable energy portfolio in India that is estimated to be tapped in the coming years ahead and hence it forms an important part of study at the present moment. 2) WHY IS WIND SO IMPORTANT? It is well known that wind is certainly an inexhaustible abundant source of energy which is caused by the differential solar radiation on the Earth’s geo-diverse surfaces, having different degrees of absorption, reflection, refraction, convection and transmission. Wind power is the most established amongst the renewable energy sources. Wind power can be generated on a large scale compared to solar and other renewable sources and hence it becomes commercially viable. Wind mills are easy to install and require much less area compared to solar power per MW. Wind being a renewable energy free from any kind of combustion, is a very clean source of energy with zero GHG emissions. This implies that capacity addition in wind power will help in reducing the carbon footprint at the same time closing the gap between demand and supply of power in the country. It also results in significant saving of potable/drinking water, which is much needed for human survival. Electricity generation by wind consumes only 1/200th or 1/400th of water that is used by nuclear, oil or coal. But we also need to be clear that a country like ours with such a long coast line need not necessarily be having economic/technical potential for wind power with its diurnal variations of land breeze/sea breeze. At the other extreme the mere occurrence of good monsoon or frequency of cyclones amp; hurricanes may not provide an economical viability or a technical feasibility of wind power. 3) HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF WIND POWER IN INDIA : Recognizing the importance of tapping renewable energy sources for power generation, India has been working in this direction for more than two decades. The Government of India realized the importance of private sector participation in the wind power sector as early as 1983/84. Accordingly, a national programme was initiated to tap the then estimated potential of 20000 MW by adopting a market-oriented strategy. This ultimately led to successful commercial development of wind power technology and substantial additions to power generation capacity in the country. Significant progress made in this sector was the result of policy support measures and incentives announced by the government for implementing the latest wind energy technologies and encouraging private entrepreneurs to take up commercial projects. After the announcement of the ‘Private Power Policy’ in 1991, an increase in the private sector participation was observed in the field of wind energy. This, along with a booming economy and the attractive fiscal incentives, provided the impetus for accelerated growth of the wind power sector as shown in ‘Figure 1’ below. FIGURE 1 – GROWTH OF WIND POWER IN INDIA (INSTALLED CAPACITY IN MW / YEAR VS YEAR) After a brief downturn between 1996 amp; 1998, the scenario started looking up in 1999 and this upswing is still continuing. The main factors that have contributed to this positive growth are: a) Technological maturity and introduction of machines, suitable for the Indian conditions (e. g. wind turbines designed for low wind regimes) that resulted in overall higher capacity utilization. This factor helped in attracting more investments from the private sector. ) Introduction of bigger capacity and more cost-effective wind turbines. c) Better site selection due to more sophisticated and rigorous wind resource assessment and micro siting. d) Conducive policy regime introduced by some states (Maharashtra was one such state that came out with an investor friendly package, including attractive power purchase prices). 4) WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL IN INDIA : The total potential for wind power in India was first estimated by the Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET) at around 45 GW, and was recently increased to 48. GW. This figure was also adopted by the government as the official estimate. The C-WET study was based on a comprehensive wind mapping exercise initiated by MNRE, which established a country-wide network of 1050 wind monitoring and wind mapping stations in 25 Indian States. This effort made it possible to assess the national wind potential and identify suitable areas for harnessing wind power for commercial use, and 216 suitable sites have been identified. However, the wind measurements were carried out at lower hub heights and did not take into account technological innovation and improvements and repowering of old turbines to replace them with bigger ones. At heights of 55-65 meters, the Indian Wind Turbine Manufacturers Association (IWTMA) estimates that the potential for wind development in India is around 65-70 GW. The World Institute for Sustainable Energy, India (WISE) considers that with larger turbines, greater land availability and expanded resource exploration, the potential could be as big as 100 GW. ) STATE WISE DISTRIBUTION OF WIND POWER GENERATION CAPACITY : FIGURE – 2 (C-WET’s WIND POWER DENSITY MAP) Table 1 – Installed Capacity per state (MW) State| March 2010| March 2009| March 2008| March 2007| March 2006| March 2005| Tamilnadu| 4907| 4304. 5| 3873. 4| 3492. 7| 2894. 6| 2037| Karnataka| 1473| 1327. 4| 1011. 4| 821. 1| 584. 5| 410. 7| Maharashtra| 2078| 1938. 9| 1755. 9| 1487. 7| 1001. 3| 456. 2| Rajasthan| 1088| 738. 4| 538. 8| 469. 8| 358. 1| 284. 8| Andhra Pradesh| 236| 122. 5| 122. 5| 122. | 121. 1| 120. 6| Madhya Pradesh| 229| 212. 8| 187. 7| 57. 3| 40. 3| 28. 9| Kerala| 28| 27. 0| 10. 5| 2| 2| 2| Gujarat| 1864| 1566. 5| 1252. 9| 636. 6| 338| 253| Others| 4| 1. 1| 1. 1| 1. 1| 1. 1| 1. 1| Total| 11807| 10242. 3| 8754. 0| 7090. 8| 5341| 3594. 3| The Wind Resource Assessment Programme carried out in India to reassess the wind potential was one of the largest programmes of its kind in the world, covering around 900 wind monitoring and mapping stations in 24 states and Union Territories. So far 208 potential sites have been identified in 13 states. As per Table 1, states with high wind potential include Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra. It is proposed to prepare an Indian Wind Atlas by using state-of-the-art software like WASP (Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Programme) on GIS platform. This will encourage the rapid growth of wind energy in India. The map shown here indicates where WASP has been applied. WASP has been used to establish national wind atlases for the ‘red’ countries and WASP has been applied for regional and local studies in the ‘blue’ countries. 6) OFF-SHORE WIND POTENTIAL IN INDIA : Offshore wind development zones are generally considered to be ten kilometers or more from land. Offshore wind turbines are less obtrusive than turbines on land, as their apparent size and noise is mitigated by distance. Because water has less surface roughness than land (especially deeper water), the average wind speed is usually considerably higher over open water. Capacity factors (utilization rates) are considerably higher than for onshore and near shore locations. Transporting large wind turbine components (tower sections, nacelles, and blades) is much easier over water than on land, because ships and barges can handle large loads more easily than trucks/lorries or trains. On land, large goods vehicles must negotiate bends on roadways, which fixes the maximum length of a wind turbine blade that can move from point to point on the road network; no such limitation exists for transport on open water. Offshore wind turbines will probably continue to be the largest turbines in operation, since the high fixed costs of the installation are spread over more energy production, reducing the average cost. Turbine components (rotor blades, tower sections) can be transported by barge, making large parts easier to transport offshore than on land, where turn clearances and underpass clearances of available roads limit the size of turbine components that can be moved by truck. Similarly, large construction cranes are difficult to move to remote wind farms on land, but crane vessels easily move over water. Offshore wind farms tend to be quite large, often involving over hundreds of turbines. CWET (Centre for Wind Energy Technology) has taken some initial efforts to survey the potential in the field of off-shore wind power generation. A working group consisting of expert members from National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL), National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), Indian Oil Corporation (IOCL) and C-WET had, in late 2008 or 2009, started studies for feasibility of offshore wind measurements. The team had initiated the work on getting the clearances for offshore measurements near Dhanushkoti ( close to Rameswaram ). For a project planning to kick start offshore wind measurements, the team visited Dhanushkoti and collected the GPS co-ordinates with the help of land surveyors. The main objective was to take up wind resource assessment studies in the southern tip of India, particularly at two locations viz. Koodankulam (Kanyakumari) and Rameshwaram (Dhanuskodi), and to examine the feasibility for setting up offshore wind farms. The aim was to collect data set of wind speeds, wind direction and to gather sea temperature, sea current characteristics, and waves data for environmental research, design, and development of offshore wind farms, and to assess potential impacts of these measured parameters on the wind farms etc. Some preliminary data suggests that the wind power densities are about 250–300 W/m2 by the Arabian Sea (6-6. 4 m/s), 250–600 W/m2 (6-7. 8 m/s) by the Indian Ocean, and 150–500 W/m2 (5. 1-7. 4) by the Bay of Bengal (Rameswaram area). A minimum wind speed of about 6. 5 m/s is required for offshore wind farms, and as suggested earlier, many regions in Northern Europe oceans have wind speeds much in excess of 6. 5 m/s. The data presented earlier indicates that India is not blessed with such high offshore wind speeds. Sadly, on the corporate side, there have been few, if any, efforts on offshore wind. The only piece of news that indicated some corporate interest was from the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), when, in April 2009, it announced its plans to tap offshore wind energy. After setting up its first 50 MW onshore wind energy farm in Gujarat, ONGC announced it was planning to tap offshore wind potential. In this context, ONGC held a series of meetings and collected a myriad of data related to offshore wind potentials. The company had mentioned at the time that a detailed study would be conducted to find out the viability of this offshore project. However, after this announcement, little detail has been forthcoming on this. These are all the data I have on offshore wind developments and progress in India. As per the latest data available, the cumulative offshore installed capacity globally stood at 1,421 MW as of 2007 and this figure is expected to rise to 12,000MW by the year 2013. 7) POLICY ENVIRONMENT FOR WIND ENERGY IN INDIA : The Indian government’s stated target is for renewable energy to contribute 10% of total power generation capacity and have a 4-5% renewable energy share in the electricity mix by 2012. This means that renewable energy would grow at a faster rate than traditional power generation, accounting for around 20% of the total added capacity planned in the 2008-2012 timeframe. Some of the important policies that are allowing this sector to grow are listed below. The Electricity Act 2003: The Electricity Act required the SERCs to set Renewable Portfolio Standards for electricity production in their state. Following this, the Ministry for New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) issued guidelines to all state governments to create an attractive environment for the export, purchase, wheeling and banking of electricity generated by wind power projects. Some important policy measures for wind power in India are: * Fiscal and financial incentives : * 80% accelerated depreciation over one or two years 10 year income tax holiday for wind power generation projects * Excise duty relief on certain components * Some states have also announced special tariffs, ranging from Rs 3-4 per kWh, with a national average of around Rs 3. 50 per kWh * Wheeling, banking and third party sales, buy-back facility by states * Guarantee market through a specified renewable portfolio standard in some states, as decided by the state electricity regulator by way of power purchase agreements * Reduced wheeling charges as compared to conventional energy. * Land Policies : The Ministry of Environment and Forests has issued guidelines for diversion of forest lands for non-forest purposes, particularly to enable wind generation. * Clearance of leasing and forest land for up to a period of 30 years for wind developers. * Financial assistance : * Setting up of the Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA), the premier finance agency of the Government of India to provide soft loans for renewable energy projects, particularly for demonstration and private sector projects. * Wind resource assessment: * The government set up the Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET) to map wind energy potentials. The C-WET has set up more than 1,000 wind monitoring and wind mapping centers across 25 states. * Wind mapping at 50 meters (C-WET) and 60-80 meters height (private companies) * F eed in tariff and Generation Based Incentive (GBI) : MNRE has decided to incentivise actual energy generation rather than only capacity addition. To achieve this task, it has been proposed that power producers shall be given some incentive on every unit generated over and above the feed in tariff approved by particular state. Scheme for implementation for GBI for grid interactive power projects: * Objectives : ) To broaden the investor base and create a level playing field between various classes of investors. b) To incentivize higher efficiencies with the help of a generation/outcome based incentive. c) To facilitate entry of large independent power producers and foreign direct investors to the wind power sector. * Incentive and Duration: Under the  Ã‚   scheme, a GBI will be provided to wind electricity producers   @ Rs. 0. 50 per unit of electricity fed into the grid for a period not less than 4 years and a maximum period of 10 years in parallel with accelerated depreciation on a mutually exclusive manner, with a cap of Rs. 2 lakhs per MW. The total disbursement in a year will not exceed one fourth of the maximum limit of the incentive i. e. Rs. 15. 50 lakhs per MW during the first four years. Utilization of Wind Energy in India : Despite the high installed capacity, the actual utilization of wind power in India is low because policy incentives are geared towards installation rather than operation of the plants. This is why only 1. 6% of actual power production in India comes from wind although the installed capacity is 6%. The government is considering the addition of incentives for ongoing operations of the installed wind power plants. Table 2 gives a detailed picture of the current tariff rates offered by the states in which wind power is currently being generated and it also highlights the future price escalation mechanism proposed by each state. An inference that can be drawn from this data is that the majority of the states do not propose a tariff escalation for the next 10-20 years, and as the tariff rates are competitive to power conventionally generated from the grid through fossil fuels, we could say that this is a positive step in ensuring further participation and growth in wind power generation. TABLE 2 State Tariff Rates and Price Mechanisms Some State Policy Incentives : * Energy Buyback , power wheeling and banking facilities for wind power generating plants * Sale Tax Concessional benefits * Electricity Tax exemption * Capital Subsidy 8) KEY FACTORS AFFECTING WIND POWER GENERATION IN INDIA: a) GROWTH RATE OF THE ECONOMY : Market growth rates in these scenarios are based on a mixture of historical figures and information obtained from analyses of the wind turbine market. The annual growth rate envisaged is of 25% per annum, but the wind industry has experienced much higher growth rates in recent years. The growth rate in the last 5 years averaged was more than 35% of installed wind power capacity. The above growth rate assumes significant repowering (replacing of smaller old turbines by modern and more powerful machines) will take place in the period up to 2030. It is also expected that due to the large coastline of 7000km, offshore installations will play an important role in the timeframe. This will substantially increase the overall wind energy potential. b) TURBINE CAPACITY: Individual turbines have been steadily growing it terms of the maximum electricity output they achieve when operating at full power. The average capacity of wind turbines installed in India as off 2008 was 1MW, up from just 400kW in 2000. The largest turbines now available commercially are approximately 6MW in capacity. An assumption can be made that, the average size will increase to 1. 5MW in 2013 to 2MW by 2030. It is possible that the figure will turn out to be greater in practice, requiring fewer turbines to achieve the same installed capacity. It is also assumed that each turbine’s operational lifetime will be of 20 years, after which it will need to be replaced. c) CAPACITY FACTOR: Capacity factor’ refers to the percentage capacity that a turbine installed in a particular location will deliver over the course of a year. This is primarily an assessment of the wind resource at a given site, but capacity factors are also affected by the efficiency of the turbine and its suitability for the particular location. For example a 1MW turbine operating at a 25% capacity factor will deliver 2190 MWh of e lectricity in one year. It is assumed that improvements in both wind turbine technology and the sitting of wind farms will result in a steady increase. ) CAPITAL COSTS: The capital cost for wind energy project shall include wind turbine generator including its auxiliaries, land cost, site development charges and other civil works, transportation charges, evacuation cost up to inter-connection point, financing charges and IDC. The normative capital cost of the wind energy projects shall be Rs. 467Lakh/MW for FY 2010-11 and shall be subject to the adjustment over the control period on account of changes in the wholesale price index for steel and electrical machinery as per the indexation mechanism specified in the RE Regulations. The detailed computations of the indexation mechanism and determination of the capital cost for FY 2010-11. The capital cost of producing wind turbines has fallen steadily over the past 20 years as turbine design has been largely concentrated on the three-bladed upwind model with variable speed and pitch blade regulation, manufacturing techniques have been optimized, and mass production and automation have resulted in economies of scale. Darrieus Three Bladed Horizontal Axis H-VAWT 9) CURRENT TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS IN INDIA: The modern machines manufactured in India with foreign collaboration have capacities more than 1 MW and they are highly suited for India. * The technology option in the first phase of kinetic to mechanical energy has been shifting from constant speed rotor to variable speed rotor all over the world. The variable speed rotor is of capable capturing about 15 to 20% more energy from the turbulent wind. * Conversion of mechanical to electrical energy through the generators is also going through several advancements in technology in the recent years. From traditional squirrel cage induction generators which convert AC-AC as the wind varies has been shifting to synchronized AC-DC-AC type of generators for efficient power capture from the wind. * In the aero dynamic controls, the shift is taking place from traditional stall control to pitch control and modern machines have active controls independently for stall as well as pitch mechanism. These sophisticated active controls require power electronics and hydraulics interfacing with various systems. Some of the latest Wind Energy Generators use electro-magnetic/mechanical control systems instead of hydraulics 0) MISCONCEPTIONS REGARDING WIND ENERGY : a) Wind Turbines kill birds and also have serious environmental impacts: It is a fact that a number of birds have been killed by wind mills. A detailed study done in the United States has indicated that the number of birds currently kill per year due to high end wind installations is one to two birds. Comparatively, more birds die every year because of highway traffic, manmade structures and housecats. These wind turbines also do not affect the migratory patterns of birds and as studies have indicated, the birds that have been occasionally killed are of common species. ) Installation of wind turbines produces a humming noise that is harmful to human health: In continuation to the point above, studies done by research teams in the United Kingdom have proven that the low humming noise produced by the rotating of wind mills has absolutely no effect on human health. With the improvement in technology, this humming noise has considerably reduced over the last few years, by around 30% in terms of decibel levels over the last four years. c) Wind Turbine Farms have a large land foot print: This is a common misconception that people hold in their mind. The actual land foot print of each wind turbine is just the area covered by the wind turbine column that is the foundation of the wind turbine in the ground. The area around the wind turbine can be used for agriculture cultivation or other purposes. In India a number of wind turbines are placed on hilly areas and hence do not take up valuable agricultural land. 11) WIND MANUFACTURERS IN INDIA : There are more than 12 manufacturers of Large Wind Turbines/Large Wind Generators which are grid connected to State Electricity Boards. Most of the manufacturer’s facilities are located in Pune, Ahmedabad, Chennai and Puducherry. As the technology has been steadily improving, it has resulted in the cost reduction of more than 8 times in the last 3 decades. This has increased the number of new entrants in the wind energy sector. From Table 3 given below you can see some of the names of the manufacturers along with the foreign collaboration: TABLE 3 – Large wind generator manufacturers in India From the above list, Suzlon Energy Ltd. is the largest manufacturer in India; It is the world’s 3rd leading player in wind energy generators. Apart from meeting the India wind energy generator market, for several manufacturers it is also an export opportunity – around Rs. 8000 crores worth of equipment was exported abroad. Suzlon has supplied over 7,000 MW of wind power generating capacity equipment in India. In 2006, it acquired Hansen Transmissions NV , the world’s second largest wind gearbox manufacturers, completing its quest to integrate all critical components into its value chain. In terms of net worth, Suzlon is the most valuable wind power company but not as measured by market value. Suzlon currently operates the largest wind park in the world, the 584 MW wind park in the Western Ghats in Tamil Nadu. For small wind generation manufacturers in India ( Small wind generation systems with generation capacity upto 50kW) the major players in the Indian industry are : * Unitron Energy, Pune * Vaigunth Ener Tek Ltd, Chennai * LeanWay Energy Pvt. Ltd, Pune * Tachometric Controls, Pune * Wind Turbine Systems Ltd, Bangalore * M/S Machinocraft, Pune * Novergy Energy Solutions Pvt. Ltd. , Udaipur * Pawanmitra Aero Energies, Tiruppur * Pioneer Wincon Pvt. Ltd Small wind generation systems have tremendous potential in India as a large percentage of the population is still not connected to the grid and hence depends on diesel generators in many areas for intermittent power supply. The small wind generators have the capabilities to replace the diesel generators entirely and with the help of battery storage that can be used for small wind and solar hybrids, areas currently off the grid can be powered, thereby replacing the need for a connection to a power grid. In the last six months, big players like Tata Power Company from the house of Tata ave started experimenting with wind mills of 2 kW capacity and they to plan to enter the small wind generation industry over the coming year. 12) ROLE OF C-WET IN THE INDIAN WIND INDUSTRY : C-WET is an acronym for Center for Wind Energy Technology. As earlier mentioned, C-WET is an Autonomous Ramp;D Organization, established under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy and it has enabled orderly wind p ower development in India. It offers value added services in terms of identification of potential windy sites and project planning, Micrositing and due diligence studies in the area of wind resource assessment.. C-WET has an International standard Test Station at Kayathar close to Kanyakumari which can test wind turbines from 225 kW to 1 MW class machines. C-WET also ensures the quality of the machines which are connected to Indian power utilities to protect the investors as well as manufacturers utilities equally. C-WET follows IEC:WT-01 standards and carries out the type certification of wind turbines under a scheme called TAPS 2000 which has been customized for Indian conditions with the help and guidance of experts from RISO/Denmark which follows several standards which are currently in vogue in the Indian Wind Industry. C-WET coordinates with several academic institutions, National Research Laboratories and private companies independently in Research and Development in the area of wind energy to facilitate cost reduction in wind electric generation. C-WET assists the regulatory body which is the Central Electricity Regulatory Authority (CERC) in technical matters on policy and regulatory issues. It does the design evaluation for the purpose of certification of assessing the various models which are being offered by several manufacturers in Indian market following International standards. C-WET also undertakes Human Resource development suitable to the Indian Wind Energy Industry by conducting National and International Training Programmes. Since this is an area of multi disciplinary nature, academicians amp; industry and Scientists of C-WET join hand together to complete the training programmes. 13) THE FUTURE INDIAN WIND ENERGY SCENARIO : The main issue of Wind Power Development in India is availability of accurate wind potential data for regions all over the country. C-WET has assessed ore than 620 Stations spread all over the Country by continuous monitoring of wind as a resource and identified more than 216 locations as economically viable and wind potential. As on date, in India a site which has more than 200 watts per square meter as Wind Power Density (WPD) is declared economically viable. With recently picked up micro wind generation i. e to exploit urban wind areas and low wind areas and to facilitate remote village electrification domestic wind mills of . 3 kW to 30 kW are being adopted. This micro wind generation as on date has a low market demand since it has been mostly developed as a standalone system which is often not grid connected. The grid interface system which will have similar concepts such as net metering along with exporting to grid and importing from the grid in a house connection is likely to be possible soon. It has fast track implementation of wind power projects given by Government having fiscal and financial initiative. India is likely to penetrate the wind as a green power up to 10% of electricity generation of the Nation, with the highly supportive Governmental policies. The major issue of utilization of wind power has been the infirmity of the wind. This can be overcome the current sophisticated technology to forecast wind enabling load scheduling to meet the load demand and generation gap. Innovative approach to Operation and Maintenance â€Å"Oamp;M†, is now being implemented using Central Monitoring systems and SCADA type continuous monitoring with remote controls. Another important issue in the Indian wind power development is development of infrastructure facility in wind farmable areas such as roads and logistics for larger machine components to reach windy Regions. Other infrastructural facilities for establishment of human habitation wind farm and establishment of electrical grid for evacuation of the power generated by the wind turbines. Most of the State and Central Government have been concentrating on these infrastructural developments and hence wind power in India has become more viable and the growth is sustained at the global rate of more than 20% every year. Table 4 gives a few keys for sustaining this 20% wind power growth envisaged in India TABLE 4 Wind Power Industry Trends Other Important Areas for the Future of Wind Generation in India : * In the coming years we need proper tariff and inflation adjustments for the wind energy sector. * Preferential tariff has proven to be the most successful instrument in accelerating power generation from renewable energy and should be applied to wind energy generation. * Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) need to be made available more easily and should be traded so that Renewable Purchase Obligations can be fulfilled in states where sufficient renewable energy is not available within the state. These certificates also need to be electronic in nature to ensure timeliness in transactions and terminate the need for physical documents to be exchanged. 14) CONCLUSION: The wind energy sector has grown significantly in India despite ups and downs. Today after having surmounted many a problems, wind in India is known to be a very mature industry. Presently, the focus is on higher capacity machines and low-wind regime turbines, which operate in class two wind regimes. Higher tower heights and wider swept areas have resulted from the experience gained by India in the last two decades. Equally important has been the ability of wind power producers in dealing with grid problems in the country. Electricity produced from renewable energy resources like wind requires two kinds of support, namely a price support mechanism that enables power producers to enter the market and make a reasonable profit and a stable regulatory environment that encourages renewables based power. Characterized by the non-internalization of external costs of energy production, costs of wind power tend to be significantly higher than that of conventional power. But the cost of delivered power should be measured in terms of overall benefits associated with that form of power, and their implications. In such a scenario, wind power outweighs the conventional power on account of their environment-friendliness and positive impact on the social development. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Indian Wind Energy Scenario – by Amit Kumar, TERI, D S Block, India Habitat Center, Lodhi Road, New Delhi – 110003 * Renewable Energy in India: Business Opportunities. Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources 2001. * Introduction of the Indian Wind Energy Sector – by Dr. S. Gomathinayagam, Executive Director, C-WET, Chennai – 600 * Indian Wind Energy Outlook 2009 * www. gwec. net * www. indianwindpower. com * www. windpowerindia. com * www. ireda. in * www. wikipedia. org